As we enter the UN decade of Ecosystem Restoration, attention is brought to approaches that integrate natural ecosystems and ecosystems that sustain livelihoods and food production ( Sonneveld et al., 2018), conserve or rehabilitate natural ecosystems, and enhance natural processes in modified ecosystems ( Cecchi, 2015 Cohen-Shacham et al., 2016 GCA, 2019 IUCN, 2020).īeginning in the 2000s, and emerging strongly in development discourses around 2017, nature-based solutions (NBS) gained ground both as a principle and an umbrella of approaches and technologies ( Hanson et al., 2020). Report upon report stress the urgent and pressing state of the world’s rapidly degrading natural resources ( FAO, 2017 FAO, 2018 FAO, 2019 IPBES, 2019 IPCC, 2019). The paper concludes with recommended actions required to facilitate such processes. Consultations indicated that wider adoption will require a phased approach to generate evidence, while integrating NBS in national and local policies and agricultural development strategies. The review confirmed limited evidence of NBS in agricultural systems particularly in developing country contexts, although specific technologies feature under other labels. The framework connects the conventional divide between production and conservation to add functionality, purpose and scale in project design.
The framework establishes four essential functions for NBS in agriculture: 1) Sustainable practices - with a focus on production 2) Green Infrastructure - mainly for engineering purposes such as water and soil, and slope stabilization 3) Amelioration - for restoration of conditions for plants, water, soil or air and climate change mitigation and 4) Conservation - focusing on biodiversity and ecosystem connectivity. NBS in the agriculture sector is proposed as “the use of natural processes or elements to improve ecosystem functions of environments and landscapes affected by agricultural practices, and to enhance livelihoods and other social and cultural functions, over various temporal and spatial scales.” The framework emerges from a review of 188 peer-reviewed articles on NBS and green infrastructure published between 20 and three international expert consultations organized in 2019–2020. This paper presents a technical framework to characterise NBS in agricultural systems. While applied in urban, natural forest or wetland ecosystems, they are underutilized in agricultural landscapes.
3Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific, Bangkok, ThailandĮntering the UN Decade on Ecosystem Restoration, interventions referred to as nature-based solutions (NBS) are at the forefront of the sustainability discourse.2International Centre for Environmental Management (ICEM), Hanoi, Vietnam.The architecture, with its own signature, will finally rise abruptly from the ground with a strong appeal just like the indicator, and finally present its theme.Elisabeth Simelton 1*, Jeremy Carew-Reid 2, Miguel Coulier 2, Beau Damen 3, John Howell 2, Chloe Pottinger-Glass 2, Hung Viet Tran 2 and Marlies Van Der Meiren 2 In a large and relatively-free paddy field without strict restrictions, we planned to shape the presence of the building itself. As a public building of rural culture, the sloping roof is like a symbol of rural settlement.
Finally, we decided the form of reverse sloping roof. Therefore, in the process of determining the form of the bookstore, we have made a intensive consideration. Sustainability and Performance in Architecture The Future of Architectural Visualization
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